Spinal Cord Compression

Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) or Spinal Cord Compression is a neck condition that develops when the spinal cord experiences compression due to the natural wear and tear of the spine as we age. While this condition is most commonly seen in individuals over 40, it can also affect younger people who have a congenital narrowing of the spinal canal.

Description

The spinal cord transmits nerve impulses to various parts of the body, which means that patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) may encounter a diverse array of symptoms. Many of these symptoms can be subtle, leading some patients to remain unaware of their spinal cord compression for an extended period. When the normal flow of nerve impulses through the spinal canal is disrupted, it can result in:

• Weakness and numbness in the hands and arms
• Difficulty with balance and coordination
• Reduced dexterity in the hands
• Neck pain

Other Symptoms

The symptoms of spinal cord compression usually develop very slowly over several years. Over a period of time patients with CSM may experience:

• Tingling or numbness in their arms, fingers or hands
• Weakness in their arms, shoulders or hands
• Trouble grasping or maintaining a hold on items
• Problems with balance or coordination
• Loss of skills like writing, buttoning or feeding
• Pain or stiffness in the neck

Diagnosis

Your provider will conduct a thorough examination including x-rays and in some cases an MRI or CT Scan. Sometimes a myelogram is also warranted to get a clear look at the spinal cord and nerve roots. Only a qualified physician can diagnose CSM.

Treatment

Conservative treatment options that don't require surgery can be tried, but generally for more severe cases surgery might be recommended.

*the content of this article was adapted from the AAOS Orthoinfo Website